The CO2 to rise 33°C (Go from 255k to 288k) temperature requires a heat of 97.3°C (352.3k)
Author; Rogelio Pérez C
Summary
The science of climate teaches us that the heat of the planet is caused by a greenhouse effect, which consists of a process where the total thermal radiation emitted by the planetary surface, Which is equivalent to a temperature of 255 kelvin or -18°C is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO2, and radiates in all directions at average temperatures of 288 kelvin or 15°C. This is a gain of 33°C. This work based on the physics of specific heat, which consists of the amount of heat needed by one gram of a substance to raise its temperature by one degree Celsius, shows that the thermal energy needed by greenhouse gases such as CO2, to increase its temperature by 33°C, is 1213.9 joules, this value is equivalent in degrees kelvin to 97.3 kelvin, what is almost 3 times the increased temperature in the greenhouse effect, this shows that CO2 is effectively traps the heat, to decrease it, not to increase it, In other words, CO2 absorbing thermal radiation emitted by the earth's surface of 255 kelvin or -18 ° C cannot increase the temperature to reach 288 kelvin or 15 ° C, as the greenhouse theory teaches us, so that CO2 molecules can increase their temperature from 255 kelvin or -18 ° C to 288 Kelvin or 15 ° C, these molecules must absorb thermal radiation of 352.3 kelvin or 79°C, either from the earth's surface or any heat source, Now the question arises, where does the heat of 352.3 kelvin, or 79°C, come from so that the CO2 molecules are at average temperatures of 288 kelvin?
Introduction;
The problem of climate change that the planet is experiencing is explained by the theory of the greenhouse effect, which consists of the retention of heat from the surface of the earth, by certain gases such as CO2, to increase the temperature of 255 kelvin or -18°C, Up to 288 kelvin or 15°C, this is a gain of 33°C,, thermodynamic physics teaches us, that substance has a specific heat, which consists of the amount of heat needed by a gram of a substance to raise its temperature one degree Celsius, this work based on the specific heat of the substances, will show how much heat a substance such as CO2 will need, To originate the 33 ° C, gain that the greenhouse effect theory attributes mainly to CO2.
Scientific theory:
The equipartition theorem relates the temperature of a system to its average energies. It makes quantitative predictions, provides the total kinetic and potential energies for a system at a given temperature, from which the heat capacity of the system can be calculated. However, the equipartition also provides the average values of individual energy components, such as the kinetic energy of a particular particle or the potential energy of a single spring. For example, it predicts that each atom in an ideal monoatomic gas has an average kinetic energy of (3/2) k B T in thermal equilibrium, where k B is Boltzmann's constant and Te the temperature (thermodynamics).1
The greenhouse effect is a process in which thermal
radiation emitted by the planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric
greenhouse gases (GHGs) and radiated in all directions. As part of this
radiation is returned to the Earth's surface and lower atmosphere, resulting in
an increase in the average surface temperature compared to what would be in the
absence of GHGs.2
One part of the solar radiation that reaches Earth
passes through the atmosphere, is reflected back into space; another reaches
the ground and warms it. It emits heat (infrared radiation) and warms the
atmosphere, since the heat is retained by the greenhouse gases.3
Without this natural greenhouse effect, the
equilibrium temperature of the Earth would be about -18 °C. However, the
average temperature of the earth's surface is about 14 °C, a difference close
to 32 °C that gives us an idea of the magnitude of efecto.4
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy
of the atoms or molecules in the system.5
Heat, is thermal energy transferred from a hotter
system to a cooler system that are in contact.
We can calculate the heat released or absorbed using
the specific heat capacity C, end the mass of the substance m, and the change
in temperature ΔT, end text in the equation:
q=m×C×ΔT. 6
Specific Heat: The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C.7
In industry CO2 as a heat reducer.
Oxy-combustion; it is a technique that consists in separating the nitrogen of the atmosphere of an oven, and replace it with pure oxygen, which increases the temperature. When the temperature is 3000°C by the injection of pure oxygen, then is recirculated the CO2 produced by the oven to reduce the temperature, which lowers the temperature of the oven until the 1900°C.8
Physics teaches us that; the substance has a specific heat, which consists of the amount of heat that a gram of a substance needs to raise its temperature by a degree centigrade, and “we can calculate the heat released or absorbed using the specific heat capacity, The mass of the substance, and the change in temperature in the equation”: Q=M×C×ΔT.
Q= heat released or absorbed
m= mass of the substance
C=specific heat; this is the amount of heat needed by one gram of a substance to raise its temperature by 1°C.
ΔT= Temperature change
C=Specific heat (CO2)=836 J/Kg°C
Ti= Start temperature =255 kelvin
Tf= End temperature =288 kelvin
M= CO2 mass= 0.044 Kg
Q=?
Equation Q=m×C×ΔT.
The amount of heat needed by CO2 to trap or absorb to raise its temperature from 255 kelvin or -18°C to 288 kelvin or 15°C is 1213.9 Joules.
Now we will convert caloric energy (joules), in kelvin degrees based on the following;
Of the two expressions for the pressure of a gas, one derived from macroscopic experimental data, P · V = k · T and another derived from Newton's laws, P = m * (v2) pr / 3V. If both describe the same reality, then it should happen that k · T = m * (v2) pr / 3. It follows that the temperature, T = 2 / (3K) * m * (v2) pr / 2, i.e. the temperature of a gas is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its molecules.
T = 2 / (3k) · m · (v2) pr / 2
T = 2 / (3R 8, 31 J / mol .k) Kinetic Energy = 1213.9 J
T = (0,0802246289610911 J / mol .k). 1213.9 J
T = (0, 0802246289610911 k). 1213.9
T = 97.3 Kelvin
Then we find that, 1213.9 joules equates to 97.3 kelvin of temperature. So, for every 3 degrees of heat absorbed by CO2 in the atmosphere, it emits 1 degree of heat in all directions, a decrease of 1/3 of the trapped heat. The CO2 absorbing thermal radiation emitted by the earth's surface of 255 kelvin or -18°C cannot reach 288 Kelvin or 15°C, as the greenhouse theory teaches us, In order for CO2 molecules to pass from 255 Kelvin or -18°C to 288 Kelvin or 15°C, these molecules should absorb thermal radiation at a temperature of 352.3 kelvin or 79°C from the surface of the earth or any heat source.
Conclusion;
We can conclude based on the ability to absorb and re-emit heat from CO2 taught by thermodynamic physics, that CO2 is a gas which decreases the temperature and does not increase it, and that the explanation of the greenhouse effect, that CO2 absorbs heat from the earth's surface of 255 kelvin and emits it at 288 kelvin, it is contrary to the Specific heat capacity of CO2 molecules. then, the CO2 absorbing thermal radiation emitted by the earth's surface of 255 kelvin or -18°C cannot reach 288 Kelvin or 15°C, as the greenhouse theory teaches us, In order for CO2 molecules to pass from 255 Kelvin or -18°C to 288 Kelvin or 15°C, these molecules should absorb thermal radiation at a temperature of 352.3 kelvin or 79°C from the surface of the earth or any heat source, we can see it in real life, in the industry the technique known as oxy combustion, uses oxygen gas to heat a oven up to 3000 ° C, and uses CO2 gas to reduce the heat of the oven.Bibliography
1- http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Kinetic/eqpar.html2- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
3- Taking the Earth’s Temperature». American Chemical Society. Atmospheres (en inglés) 118 (8): 3213-3217. ISSN 2169-8996. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50359.
6-https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/thermodynamics-chemistry/internal-energy-sal/a/heat
7-https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-specific-heat-capacity-605672
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